Research Paper on Federal Aviation Regulations

Just like any other system that deals general principle of morality guides the precious gift of life, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is that deals with Aviation services is governed by the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) acts according to the American Title 14 Code of Federal Ethics (CFR). The FARs is categorized into various subsections with each one of them dealing with a specific aspect and operations which offer guidelines and rules that are structured to ensure that the safety of human beings who board the aircrafts is assured (Ballard &, Osorio, 2015). With the view of the importance of rules, directions, and regulations, this article seeks to analyze the operations outlined in section 91, 135 and 121, how business travelers should utilize the types of activities in travel meetings and the possible differences between parts 91, 121 and 135 of FARs.

Part 91 subpart A general section outlines the operations of a pilot in command, communicates about civil aircraft airworthiness to safeguard the lives of the people on board, mentions applicable practices while operating within 3 to 12 nautical miles over waters. Part 91 Subpart B also categorizes flight rules regarding preflight actions, general safety precautions, actions and crew membership stations.

Also, it outlines rules governing the operations near other crafts. Additionally, it describes rules and regulations governing service in class A to D of airspace. More importantly, it outlines the general rules concerning emergency air traffic rules. Subpart C communicates with equipment, certificate of requirement and instruments needed for aircraft services whereas subpart D deals with special Flight operations, subpart E outlines the maintenance, preventive and alterations for the aircraft engineers, subpart F deals with multiengine airplanes and the rules that are relevant according to Ballard and Osorio, 2015).

Part 121

Part 121 of the 14 CFR rules outlines the directives and the guide for a new applicant in the aircraft certification process. The section has four titles, i.e., Certification and voluntary safety programs, the second one is introduction certification, the process of completing pre-application checklist and Completing the certification process (Ballard & Osorio, 2015). Lastly, it outlines the certification consultants procedures and consultants list.

Part 135

It outlines the operating requirements and rules that govern the persons who are on board. Subpart A outlines the general rules individually available on-demand operations, emergency operations and operations and information required during a flight. The most important part of the provisions is the rules concerning the carriage of cargo. There is a subsection for aircraft and equipment in subsection C which outlines flight data records, cockpit voices, pilot heat indication systems among others. Sometimes there can be weather conditions that may cause an accident if an aircraft assumes the weather threats. For that reason, subsection D outlines the operating limitations and the weather requirements that are relevant for safe tours.

Regarding the incidents that are outlined by Ballard and Osorios (2015) article, Business partners should conform to part 91 which describes the guidelines for owning a private aircraft by ensuring that they follow all the directions since they are set to ensure the safety of both the people on board and the ground. On the other hand, they should get to know that luggage transport must pass through the required procedures through part 121 and should not force to carry goods that do not meet the standards of airlines. On the other hand, business partners should also consider the relevance of on-demand operations and emergency services in conformity to the FARs part 135 rules.

The differences that occur between part 91 and 135 is that part 91 offers guidelines for owning and operating private aircraft while part 135 outlines the instructions for running private jet or taxi. Section 91 describes the guidelines for submitting inspection program which is usually annual inspection to ensure safety. On the other hand, part 135 are regulations that structured to establish standard professionalism through air charter (Ballard & Osorio, 2015). Part 121 outlines the general rules for regional and major airlines scheduled carriers.

References

Ballard, S. B., & Osorio, V. B. (2015). US Civil Air Show Crashes, 1993 to 2013: Burden, Fatal Risk Factors, and Evaluation of a Risk Index for Aviation Crashes. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2471), 1-9.