Essay on Landfill Site Selection

Published: 2021-07-01
906 words
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Harvey Mudd College
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Literature review
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According to authors study for a landfill site in Addis Ababa in Ethiopia was defined in the year 1947.The problem with this site was that it was not suitable the human health as well it was unconducive for the people to live there. A landfill is usually selected through various ways such as by knowing the structure of the underlying soil, the topography of that given area how it looks like and as well as the hydro-geological reasons of that particular area. This site was known for a lot of solid waste generation this was due to the increase in the population of the people as well as urbanization and this led to more industries polluting the environment and dumping their wastes there.

According to the authors integration of GIS and remote sensing, one can be able to find a landfill by reducing the time required and in turn increasing its efficiency. Various decisions are made so as to be able to overcome the limitations which are involved during the decision-making process as well as during the planning of the activity. In this study the data that was used was collected was from Adidas Ababas geology map. While gathering the information various physical features were considered they include borehole points, hydraulic activity, the soil map and the type of soil that is found in the area and finally what the land is used for concerning the activities that are carried there. The citys master plan was also involved during the entire process.

For one to be able to come up with a suitable site, he/she must follow two important steps the first one is that GIS should be involved and hence given the work so as they can find out which area is unsuitable using the different criterias. The Criteria has divided five portions that is one which is very high, the second as high, the third one as moderate, the fourth as marginal and the unsuitable one. These portions were ranked from the last one to the first one that is 5 to 1.The layers that were formed after the various ranking were considered about their maximum and as well as minimum distance. Thematic maps for each criterion were later produced as the layers were standardized. In the second stage, each portion is important as it as it helps in assigning of weight. Through weight determination, it was possible to know the preference of each. Two criterion or portions were decided at a time using the AHP model with the help of judgment from the expert. Also, a pair-wise matrix for comparison was used through which set weights with their ratios were calculated for each of the criteria that were being considered. The Weighted Linear Combination was used to produce a landfill map that was suitable. After analyzing the information, 7.7% of the area that was studied was found to be appropriate for a landfill site. There was a suggestion of 12 candidate sites at the end of the study, but the most suitable for the landfill was site 2.

One of the most successful attempts made in search of the finding of a disposal site was by Ahmad Al-Hanbali, which he was making an analysis so as to get a suitable disposal site to be used by Mafraq City in Jordan. The data was gotten from various sources which included the interpretation of land satellite, data maps from the urban as well as the agricultural areas that had been filed by the department of statistics. Data from the ministry of water and irrigation about depths of water and fault system data which was from the geological map of the scale of 1:250000.This data was stored in the GIS. To apply for the WLC analysis the ArcGIS software and its extensions was used. The integrated analysis is performed through the ability to weight and as well as combine multiple inputs of the weighted sum analysis.

Authors used the criteria that were designed by S.J Baban and J.Flannagan of GIS assisted Constraints Criteria for the planning of the landfill sites. Through the application of this design, the final map was from the most suitable to that which is not suitable. The attributes of the data input that was used to represent the constraints ranged from 0 to 10 weights so as to be able to show the importance order. The weight that was consistent was added up to 100% so as to obtain a useful output map. Each factor was given a different level of importance. Jordan authors used the criteria that are applied in the US; this is because in Jordan there is no regulation regarding the identification of a waste site. A total of nine suitable criteria were considered in the study. The criterias included the distance from agricultural land, roads, depth to water table, aquifer media, faults, wells, streams and the slope.

The final map was derived to by the use of WLC; this was after ranking of each criterion so that it can be in line with a particular scheme. Factors that affect the community directly are usually given a higher weight as compared to others, for example, the distance from urban areas, distance from agricultural lands and the distance to wells. From the study of the land suitability map, three disposal site for solid waste were suggested since they comply with the minimum requirements that were required for the landfill locations in the study area.

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