Essay Example on Positive and Normative Orientation

An illustration of a positive orientation in the first research study is that an increase in the H-1B Quota will lead to a decrease in employment and choice of foreign-born labor. On the other hand, positive orientation is evident in the second study. For instance, an increase in the level of product transformation across metropolitan settings will result in an increase in consumers view about biotechnology utilized in food processing.

Research Approach

Based on this research study, the authors viewed that "deductive (data to theory) approach" was discovered to be the most appropriate for the studies. Mayda et al., (2017) says that the significance of the study of the first scholarly article The Effect of the H-1B Quota on Employment and Selection of Foreign-Born Labor' is to showcase those cap limitations drastically decreased the employment of fresh H-1B employees in profitable companies comparative to what would have happened in an unrestrained environment. By adhering to this deductive approach, these two studies are capable of evaluating the factors that associate with employment of fresh H-1B employees in profitable organizations and consumers' opinions of biotechnology according to the intensity of food transformation. Upon the primary issues and themes were explored in these two research studies, inductive reasoning was applied as the objective of the study in the two scholarly articles was not to make generalizations but rather examine distinct cap limitations, which anticipate offering in-depth comprehension of the employment and choosing in the foreign-born labor (Mayda et al., 2017).

According to this research study, the authors viewed that "deductive (data to theory) approach" was found to be the most appropriate for the significance of the study. House (2013) explicates that the purpose of the research study is to examine how consumers' views of biotechnology utilized in food production vary relying on the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings. By adhering to this deductive approach, this study is capable of evaluating the factors that associate with consumers' opinions of biotechnology according to the intensity of food transformation. Upon the primary issues and themes were explored in this research study, the inductive reasoning was applied as the objective of the study in the scholarly articles was not to make generalizations but rather examine distinct consumer opinions, which anticipate offering in-depth comprehension of the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings (House, 2013).

Interpretation of the scientific method

Research Study 1

Problem/ Question: What is the effect of the H-1B quota on employment and selection of foreign-born labor?

Data & information: The H-1B program enables skilled American immigrants to work on the American soil. The yearly quota on new H-1B visa released declined from 195,000 to 65, 000 for workers of most companies in the fiscal year, 2004. Though this cap does is not applicable to new workers of higher academic institutions and charitable organizations. The present H-1B holders pursuing to renew their visa were excluded from the quota. The quota also disseminated H-1Bs toward computer-associated careers, Indian-native employees and companies utilizing the H-1B program intensively.

Hypothesis:

1. Without the use of cap restrictions, the employment of new H-1B workers in profitable companies would not decrease drastically.

2. With the absence of cap limitations, there would be no redistribution of H-1Bs toward IT-related careers, native Indian employees utilizing the H-1B program intensively.

Experiments: Trial & error.We are going to have two distinct set-ups. The h1-b program will involve the use of cap restrictions. The second H-1B program will entail the absence of cap restrictions.

Conclusion: Therefore, it only justifies that with cap limitations, the employment of new H-1B workers in profitable organizations would not decrease drastically. And without the cap restrictions, the employment of fresh H-1B workers in profitable organizations would not decrease drastically.

Research Study II

Problem/ Question: how do consumers' views of biotechnology utilized in food production vary relying on the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings?

Data & information: Comparisons of consumers from four geographical areas- Belgium/Spain, France/Germany, Japan, and the United States were carried out to quantify the comparative approach to biotech food. Consumers' first opinions in regards to the food, attitudes about biotech food, and the nation of residency were significant elements elucidating health perception dissimilarities. Customers in Japan were the most profound, together with users in France/Germany. Clients in the America were the least sensitive.

Hypothesis:

1. Without the use the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings, it would be difficult to evaluate the consumers' views of biotechnology.

Experiments: Trial & error: We are going to have two distinct set-ups. The first experiment will involve the use of the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings in evaluating the consumer opinions of biotechnology used in food production while the second experiment will entail the absence of the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings to determine the consumers' perceptions of biotechnology used in food production.

Conclusion: Therefore, it only proves with the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings, the evaluation of consumer perceptions of biotechnology utilized in food technology would be a reality. And without the level of product transformation across multi-cultural settings, the evaluation of consumer perceptions of biotechnology utilized in food technology would not be a reality

Data, statistics and modeling approach

The statistical modeling approach will entail choosing from cap limitations metrics the best indicators of the effect of the H-1B Quota and consumer perceptions. The data will characterize both internal and external variables. We propose a hierarchical Bayern model for assessing multiple consumer perceptions and foreign-born labor. Our method considers the hierarchical composition of the data and enables for modeling between-site disparity. According to De & Faria (2009), using posterior predictive model inspection and model selection according to the deviance information criterion (DIC), we highlight that our model offers a good fit to the witnessed data by disseminating information across the websites. We also suggest a non-sophisticated approach for assessing the efficiency of the multi-site experiment by likening the outcomes to those that would be anticipated in theoretical single-site experiments with similar sample size (De & Faria, 2009).

References

De, S., & Faria, A. E. (2009). A hierarchical Bayesian space-time model for radioactivity deposition. Technical Report 09/06, Department of Statistics, The Open University, UK.

House, L. (2013). Comparing Perceptions of Biotechnology in Fresh versus Processed Foods: A Cross-Cultural Study.

Mayda, A. M., Ortega, F., Peri, G., Shih, K., & Sparber, C. (2017). The Effect of the H-1B Quota on Employment and Selection of Foreign-Born Labor (No. w23902). National Bureau of Economic Research.